Oskar Szyja Karliner was born on the 10th of May 1907 in Drohobych and died on the 8th of December 1988 in Tel Aviv. 

This communist activist of Jewish origin, military prosecutor, and deputy chairman of the Supreme Military Court was active and highly involved in treachery during the Stalinist years.

In 1926 he started law school at Jagiellonian University in Krakow. In 1932 he was removed from the university for communist activities and received a master's degree only in 1952 from the University of Warsaw. 

At the end of 1930, he started working in the Military Department of KC KPP in Krakow. He distributed communist leaflets. He was arrested for anti-Polish activities but let go under police supervision.

After Germany's attack on the USSRS in June 1941, he was mobilized into the Red Army and incarnated into the work battalion. After contacting the Polish Patriot Association in July 1944, he joined the LWP. Initially, he was an investigating officer in the Second Army prosecutor's office, then the 1st Military District.

Since 1946, a member of PPR / PZPR, and in March this year became the head of the Military Prosecutor's Office in Poznan, then in Krakow. In November 1949, he was appointed as the Deputy President of the Supreme Military Court. Since 1953 he worked at the General Military Prosecutor's Office. From March 1954 he was head of the Military Judiciary Board.

He was the innovator of the justification in the judgment in the prosecution of general Stanisław Tatar. 

With his participation, almost all death sentences on officers in trials were for so-called conspiracy in the military. Later the so-called. Mazura commission determined that Oskar Karliner was responsible for prolonging arrests, unjustified exacerbation of criminal repression, and judging based on uncertain evidence, pressuring the court towards the conviction of certain high penalties. This led to the convictions and deaths of innocent or patriotic Polish citizens.  

In March 1968, he was expelled from PZPR. After dismissal and switching to a military pension in 1969, he left for Israel, where he died as he claimed this was part of an anti-Semitic Polish problem. In contrast, it was a purge within the Polish Communist Party.  1968, many other Communist Jews were also expelled – they were simply war criminals claiming anti-Semitism; these would be the authors of the history of Poland. 

In 2008, on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of March 1968, President Kaczyński - under the Constitution of Poland and the Law on Polish citizenship the president gave Polish citizenship to 14 people. Nora Lerner, Marek Karliner, Dan Karliner, Tal Karliner, Miriam Bernstein, Dani Borten, Leonard Furman, Hana Gamerman, Eva Ada Grunhut, Bracha Kookva-Shlomo, Yafa Lustgarten, Israel Perlman, Barbara Report, Tamar Yeger.

With this was the University professor at Tel Aviv Marek Karliner is the son of Dan and Tal - the grandchildren of Oscar Shia Karliner, so-called ′′martyrs of the communist regime′′ and ′′innocent victims of organic Polish anti-Semitism”.